diff --git a/contrib/file_fdw/file_fdw.c b/contrib/file_fdw/file_fdw.c
index 46394a8..bb541e3 100644
*** a/contrib/file_fdw/file_fdw.c
--- b/contrib/file_fdw/file_fdw.c
***************
*** 25,30 ****
--- 25,31 ----
  #include "miscadmin.h"
  #include "nodes/makefuncs.h"
  #include "optimizer/cost.h"
+ #include "optimizer/pathnode.h"
  #include "utils/rel.h"
  #include "utils/syscache.h"
  
*************** PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(file_fdw_validator);
*** 93,99 ****
  /*
   * FDW callback routines
   */
! static FdwPlan *filePlanForeignScan(Oid foreigntableid,
  					PlannerInfo *root,
  					RelOptInfo *baserel);
  static void fileExplainForeignScan(ForeignScanState *node, ExplainState *es);
--- 94,100 ----
  /*
   * FDW callback routines
   */
! static void filePlanForeignScan(Oid foreigntableid,
  					PlannerInfo *root,
  					RelOptInfo *baserel);
  static void fileExplainForeignScan(ForeignScanState *node, ExplainState *es);
*************** get_file_fdw_attribute_options(Oid relid
*** 406,432 ****
  
  /*
   * filePlanForeignScan
!  *		Create a FdwPlan for a scan on the foreign table
   */
! static FdwPlan *
  filePlanForeignScan(Oid foreigntableid,
  					PlannerInfo *root,
  					RelOptInfo *baserel)
  {
! 	FdwPlan    *fdwplan;
  	char	   *filename;
  	List	   *options;
  
  	/* Fetch options --- we only need filename at this point */
  	fileGetOptions(foreigntableid, &filename, &options);
  
! 	/* Construct FdwPlan with cost estimates */
! 	fdwplan = makeNode(FdwPlan);
  	estimate_costs(root, baserel, filename,
! 				   &fdwplan->startup_cost, &fdwplan->total_cost);
! 	fdwplan->fdw_private = NIL; /* not used */
  
! 	return fdwplan;
  }
  
  /*
--- 407,443 ----
  
  /*
   * filePlanForeignScan
!  *		Create possible access paths for a scan on the foreign table
!  *
!  *		Currently we don't support any push-down feature, so there is only one
!  *		possible access path, which simply returns all records in the order in
!  *		the data file.
   */
! static void
  filePlanForeignScan(Oid foreigntableid,
  					PlannerInfo *root,
  					RelOptInfo *baserel)
  {
! 	ForeignPath *pathnode = makeNode(ForeignPath);
  	char	   *filename;
  	List	   *options;
  
  	/* Fetch options --- we only need filename at this point */
  	fileGetOptions(foreigntableid, &filename, &options);
  
! 	/* Create a ForeignPath node and add it as only one possible path. */
! 	pathnode = create_foreignscan_path(root, baserel);
! 	pathnode->fdw_private = NIL;
  	estimate_costs(root, baserel, filename,
! 				   &pathnode->path.startup_cost, &pathnode->path.total_cost);
! 	pathnode->path.rows = baserel->rows;
! 	add_path(baserel, (Path *) pathnode);
  
! 	/*
! 	 * If data file was sorted, and we knew it somehow, we can create another
! 	 * ForeignPath node with valid pathkeys to tell planner that sorting this
! 	 * file by such key is not expensive.
! 	 */
  }
  
  /*
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/fdwhandler.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/fdwhandler.sgml
index 76ff243..63fe8bd 100644
*** a/doc/src/sgml/fdwhandler.sgml
--- b/doc/src/sgml/fdwhandler.sgml
***************
*** 88,108 ****
  
      <para>
  <programlisting>
! FdwPlan *
  PlanForeignScan (Oid foreigntableid,
                   PlannerInfo *root,
                   RelOptInfo *baserel);
  </programlisting>
  
!      Plan a scan on a foreign table. This is called when a query is planned.
       <literal>foreigntableid</> is the <structname>pg_class</> OID of the
       foreign table.  <literal>root</> is the planner's global information
       about the query, and <literal>baserel</> is the planner's information
       about this table.
!      The function must return a palloc'd struct that contains cost estimates
!      plus any FDW-private information that is needed to execute the foreign
!      scan at a later time.  (Note that the private information must be
!      represented in a form that <function>copyObject</> knows how to copy.)
      </para>
  
      <para>
--- 88,117 ----
  
      <para>
  <programlisting>
! void
  PlanForeignScan (Oid foreigntableid,
                   PlannerInfo *root,
                   RelOptInfo *baserel);
  </programlisting>
  
!      Create possible access paths for a scan on a foreign table. This is
!      called when a query is planned.
       <literal>foreigntableid</> is the <structname>pg_class</> OID of the
       foreign table.  <literal>root</> is the planner's global information
       about the query, and <literal>baserel</> is the planner's information
       about this table.
!     </para>
! 
!     <para>
!      The function must generate at least one access path for a scan on the
!      foreign table and call <function>add_path</> to add it to
!      <literal>baserel-&gt;pathlist</>.  The function may generate extra
!      access paths, e.g. a path which has valid <literal>pathkeys</> for sorted
!      result.  Each access path should contain cost estimates, and can contain
!      any FDW-private information that is needed to execute the foreign scan at
!      a later time.
!      (Note that the private information must be represented in a form that
!      <function>copyObject</> knows how to copy.)
      </para>
  
      <para>
*************** BeginForeignScan (ForeignScanState *node
*** 159,167 ****
       its <structfield>fdw_state</> field is still NULL.  Information about
       the table to scan is accessible through the
       <structname>ForeignScanState</> node (in particular, from the underlying
!      <structname>ForeignScan</> plan node, which contains a pointer to the
!      <structname>FdwPlan</> structure returned by
!      <function>PlanForeignScan</>).
      </para>
  
      <para>
--- 168,175 ----
       its <structfield>fdw_state</> field is still NULL.  Information about
       the table to scan is accessible through the
       <structname>ForeignScanState</> node (in particular, from the underlying
!      <structname>ForeignScan</> plan node, which contains FDW-private
!      information about it provided by <function>PlanForeignScan</>).
      </para>
  
      <para>
*************** EndForeignScan (ForeignScanState *node);
*** 228,236 ****
      </para>
  
      <para>
!      The <structname>FdwRoutine</> and <structname>FdwPlan</> struct types
!      are declared in <filename>src/include/foreign/fdwapi.h</>, which see
!      for additional details.
      </para>
  
     </sect1>
--- 236,244 ----
      </para>
  
      <para>
!      The <structname>FdwRoutine</> struct type is declared
!      in <filename>src/include/foreign/fdwapi.h</>, which see for additional
!      details.
      </para>
  
     </sect1>
diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c
index 7fec4db..9b2f688 100644
*** a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c
--- b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c
*************** _copyForeignScan(const ForeignScan *from
*** 591,611 ****
  	 * copy remainder of node
  	 */
  	COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(fsSystemCol);
- 	COPY_NODE_FIELD(fdwplan);
- 
- 	return newnode;
- }
- 
- /*
-  * _copyFdwPlan
-  */
- static FdwPlan *
- _copyFdwPlan(const FdwPlan *from)
- {
- 	FdwPlan    *newnode = makeNode(FdwPlan);
- 
- 	COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(startup_cost);
- 	COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(total_cost);
  	COPY_NODE_FIELD(fdw_private);
  
  	return newnode;
--- 591,596 ----
*************** copyObject(const void *from)
*** 3842,3850 ****
  		case T_ForeignScan:
  			retval = _copyForeignScan(from);
  			break;
- 		case T_FdwPlan:
- 			retval = _copyFdwPlan(from);
- 			break;
  		case T_Join:
  			retval = _copyJoin(from);
  			break;
--- 3827,3832 ----
diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c
index 25a215e..08b74fb 100644
*** a/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c
--- b/src/backend/nodes/outfuncs.c
*************** _outForeignScan(StringInfo str, const Fo
*** 558,573 ****
  	_outScanInfo(str, (const Scan *) node);
  
  	WRITE_BOOL_FIELD(fsSystemCol);
- 	WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fdwplan);
- }
- 
- static void
- _outFdwPlan(StringInfo str, const FdwPlan *node)
- {
- 	WRITE_NODE_TYPE("FDWPLAN");
- 
- 	WRITE_FLOAT_FIELD(startup_cost, "%.2f");
- 	WRITE_FLOAT_FIELD(total_cost, "%.2f");
  	WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fdw_private);
  }
  
--- 558,563 ----
*************** _outForeignPath(StringInfo str, const Fo
*** 1572,1578 ****
  
  	_outPathInfo(str, (const Path *) node);
  
! 	WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fdwplan);
  }
  
  static void
--- 1562,1568 ----
  
  	_outPathInfo(str, (const Path *) node);
  
! 	WRITE_NODE_FIELD(fdw_private);
  }
  
  static void
*************** _outNode(StringInfo str, const void *obj
*** 2745,2753 ****
  			case T_ForeignScan:
  				_outForeignScan(str, obj);
  				break;
- 			case T_FdwPlan:
- 				_outFdwPlan(str, obj);
- 				break;
  			case T_Join:
  				_outJoin(str, obj);
  				break;
--- 2735,2740 ----
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/path/allpaths.c b/src/backend/optimizer/path/allpaths.c
index 8f03417..060d49d 100644
*** a/src/backend/optimizer/path/allpaths.c
--- b/src/backend/optimizer/path/allpaths.c
***************
*** 18,23 ****
--- 18,24 ----
  #include <math.h>
  
  #include "catalog/pg_class.h"
+ #include "foreign/fdwapi.h"
  #include "nodes/nodeFuncs.h"
  #ifdef OPTIMIZER_DEBUG
  #include "nodes/print.h"
*************** set_foreign_size(PlannerInfo *root, RelO
*** 399,411 ****
  
  /*
   * set_foreign_pathlist
!  *		Build the (single) access path for a foreign table RTE
   */
  static void
  set_foreign_pathlist(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel, RangeTblEntry *rte)
  {
! 	/* Generate appropriate path */
! 	add_path(rel, (Path *) create_foreignscan_path(root, rel));
  
  	/* Select cheapest path (pretty easy in this case...) */
  	set_cheapest(rel);
--- 400,414 ----
  
  /*
   * set_foreign_pathlist
!  *		Build access paths for a foreign table RTE
   */
  static void
  set_foreign_pathlist(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel, RangeTblEntry *rte)
  {
! 	FdwRoutine	   *fdwroutine;
! 
! 	fdwroutine = GetFdwRoutineByRelId(rte->relid);
! 	fdwroutine->PlanForeignScan(rte->relid, root, rel);
  
  	/* Select cheapest path (pretty easy in this case...) */
  	set_cheapest(rel);
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c
index 9ac0c99..c348fd6 100644
*** a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c
--- b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/createplan.c
*************** static CteScan *make_ctescan(List *qptli
*** 121,127 ****
  static WorkTableScan *make_worktablescan(List *qptlist, List *qpqual,
  				   Index scanrelid, int wtParam);
  static ForeignScan *make_foreignscan(List *qptlist, List *qpqual,
! 				 Index scanrelid, bool fsSystemCol, FdwPlan *fdwplan);
  static BitmapAnd *make_bitmap_and(List *bitmapplans);
  static BitmapOr *make_bitmap_or(List *bitmapplans);
  static NestLoop *make_nestloop(List *tlist,
--- 121,127 ----
  static WorkTableScan *make_worktablescan(List *qptlist, List *qpqual,
  				   Index scanrelid, int wtParam);
  static ForeignScan *make_foreignscan(List *qptlist, List *qpqual,
! 				 Index scanrelid, bool fsSystemCol, List *fdw_private);
  static BitmapAnd *make_bitmap_and(List *bitmapplans);
  static BitmapOr *make_bitmap_or(List *bitmapplans);
  static NestLoop *make_nestloop(List *tlist,
*************** create_foreignscan_plan(PlannerInfo *roo
*** 1847,1853 ****
  								 scan_clauses,
  								 scan_relid,
  								 fsSystemCol,
! 								 best_path->fdwplan);
  
  	copy_path_costsize(&scan_plan->scan.plan, &best_path->path);
  
--- 1847,1853 ----
  								 scan_clauses,
  								 scan_relid,
  								 fsSystemCol,
! 								 best_path->fdw_private);
  
  	copy_path_costsize(&scan_plan->scan.plan, &best_path->path);
  
*************** make_foreignscan(List *qptlist,
*** 3189,3195 ****
  				 List *qpqual,
  				 Index scanrelid,
  				 bool fsSystemCol,
! 				 FdwPlan *fdwplan)
  {
  	ForeignScan *node = makeNode(ForeignScan);
  	Plan	   *plan = &node->scan.plan;
--- 3189,3195 ----
  				 List *qpqual,
  				 Index scanrelid,
  				 bool fsSystemCol,
! 				 List *fdw_private)
  {
  	ForeignScan *node = makeNode(ForeignScan);
  	Plan	   *plan = &node->scan.plan;
*************** make_foreignscan(List *qptlist,
*** 3201,3207 ****
  	plan->righttree = NULL;
  	node->scan.scanrelid = scanrelid;
  	node->fsSystemCol = fsSystemCol;
! 	node->fdwplan = fdwplan;
  
  	return node;
  }
--- 3201,3207 ----
  	plan->righttree = NULL;
  	node->scan.scanrelid = scanrelid;
  	node->fsSystemCol = fsSystemCol;
! 	node->fdw_private = fdw_private;
  
  	return node;
  }
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/util/pathnode.c b/src/backend/optimizer/util/pathnode.c
index d29b454..9c285a9 100644
*** a/src/backend/optimizer/util/pathnode.c
--- b/src/backend/optimizer/util/pathnode.c
*************** create_worktablescan_path(PlannerInfo *r
*** 1764,1801 ****
  
  /*
   * create_foreignscan_path
!  *	  Creates a path corresponding to a scan of a foreign table,
!  *	  returning the pathnode.
   */
  ForeignPath *
  create_foreignscan_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel)
  {
  	ForeignPath *pathnode = makeNode(ForeignPath);
- 	RangeTblEntry *rte;
- 	FdwRoutine *fdwroutine;
- 	FdwPlan    *fdwplan;
  
  	pathnode->path.pathtype = T_ForeignScan;
  	pathnode->path.parent = rel;
! 	pathnode->path.pathkeys = NIL;		/* result is always unordered */
  	pathnode->path.required_outer = NULL;
  	pathnode->path.param_clauses = NIL;
  
! 	/* Get FDW's callback info */
! 	rte = planner_rt_fetch(rel->relid, root);
! 	fdwroutine = GetFdwRoutineByRelId(rte->relid);
! 
! 	/* Let the FDW do its planning */
! 	fdwplan = fdwroutine->PlanForeignScan(rte->relid, root, rel);
! 	if (fdwplan == NULL || !IsA(fdwplan, FdwPlan))
! 		elog(ERROR, "foreign-data wrapper PlanForeignScan function for relation %u did not return an FdwPlan struct",
! 			 rte->relid);
! 	pathnode->fdwplan = fdwplan;
! 
! 	/* use costs estimated by FDW */
! 	pathnode->path.rows = rel->rows;
! 	pathnode->path.startup_cost = fdwplan->startup_cost;
! 	pathnode->path.total_cost = fdwplan->total_cost;
  
  	return pathnode;
  }
--- 1764,1795 ----
  
  /*
   * create_foreignscan_path
!  *	  Creates a path corresponding to a scan of a foreign table, and returns
!  *	  the pathnode.
!  *
!  *	  It's assumed that this function is called from PlanForeignScan
!  *	  imeplementation of FDWs, but not from planner directly; planner never
!  *	  calls this function directly.  Generated ForeignPath node has valid
!  *	  values for only requried fields, so each FDW should set optional fields
!  *	  as they want.
!  *
!  *	  If FDW needs to pass FDW-specific information from planner to executor,
!  *	  fdw_private field is available.  Its type is List *, so you can store
!  *	  Node subclass objects.  Planner will copy fdw_private of cheapest
!  *	  ForeignPath to ForeignScan plan node.
   */
  ForeignPath *
  create_foreignscan_path(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel)
  {
  	ForeignPath *pathnode = makeNode(ForeignPath);
  
  	pathnode->path.pathtype = T_ForeignScan;
  	pathnode->path.parent = rel;
! 	pathnode->path.pathkeys = NIL;
  	pathnode->path.required_outer = NULL;
  	pathnode->path.param_clauses = NIL;
  
! 	pathnode->fdw_private = NIL;
  
  	return pathnode;
  }
diff --git a/src/include/foreign/fdwapi.h b/src/include/foreign/fdwapi.h
index 3696623..4831e7c 100644
*** a/src/include/foreign/fdwapi.h
--- b/src/include/foreign/fdwapi.h
*************** struct ExplainState;
*** 20,58 ****
  
  
  /*
-  * FdwPlan is the information returned to the planner by PlanForeignScan.
-  */
- typedef struct FdwPlan
- {
- 	NodeTag		type;
- 
- 	/*
- 	 * Cost estimation info. The startup_cost is time before retrieving the
- 	 * first row, so it should include costs of connecting to the remote host,
- 	 * sending over the query, etc.  Note that PlanForeignScan also ought to
- 	 * set baserel->rows and baserel->width if it can produce any usable
- 	 * estimates of those values.
- 	 */
- 	Cost		startup_cost;	/* cost expended before fetching any tuples */
- 	Cost		total_cost;		/* total cost (assuming all tuples fetched) */
- 
- 	/*
- 	 * FDW private data, which will be available at execution time.
- 	 *
- 	 * Note that everything in this list must be copiable by copyObject(). One
- 	 * way to store an arbitrary blob of bytes is to represent it as a bytea
- 	 * Const.  Usually, though, you'll be better off choosing a representation
- 	 * that can be dumped usefully by nodeToString().
- 	 */
- 	List	   *fdw_private;
- } FdwPlan;
- 
- 
- /*
   * Callback function signatures --- see fdwhandler.sgml for more info.
   */
  
! typedef FdwPlan *(*PlanForeignScan_function) (Oid foreigntableid,
  														  PlannerInfo *root,
  														RelOptInfo *baserel);
  
--- 20,29 ----
  
  
  /*
   * Callback function signatures --- see fdwhandler.sgml for more info.
   */
  
! typedef void (*PlanForeignScan_function) (Oid foreigntableid,
  														  PlannerInfo *root,
  														RelOptInfo *baserel);
  
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/nodes.h b/src/include/nodes/nodes.h
index 0e7d184..905458f 100644
*** a/src/include/nodes/nodes.h
--- b/src/include/nodes/nodes.h
*************** typedef enum NodeTag
*** 62,68 ****
  	T_CteScan,
  	T_WorkTableScan,
  	T_ForeignScan,
- 	T_FdwPlan,
  	T_Join,
  	T_NestLoop,
  	T_MergeJoin,
--- 62,67 ----
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h b/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h
index 7d90b91..23d9256 100644
*** a/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h
--- b/src/include/nodes/plannodes.h
*************** typedef struct ForeignScan
*** 468,475 ****
  {
  	Scan		scan;
  	bool		fsSystemCol;	/* true if any "system column" is needed */
! 	/* use struct pointer to avoid including fdwapi.h here */
! 	struct FdwPlan *fdwplan;
  } ForeignScan;
  
  
--- 468,474 ----
  {
  	Scan		scan;
  	bool		fsSystemCol;	/* true if any "system column" is needed */
! 	List	   *fdw_private;
  } ForeignScan;
  
  
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/relation.h b/src/include/nodes/relation.h
index 6ba920a..1acc4f8 100644
*** a/src/include/nodes/relation.h
--- b/src/include/nodes/relation.h
*************** typedef struct TidPath
*** 794,805 ****
  
  /*
   * ForeignPath represents a scan of a foreign table
   */
  typedef struct ForeignPath
  {
  	Path		path;
! 	/* use struct pointer to avoid including fdwapi.h here */
! 	struct FdwPlan *fdwplan;
  } ForeignPath;
  
  /*
--- 794,810 ----
  
  /*
   * ForeignPath represents a scan of a foreign table
+  *
+  * fdw_private is a list of FDW private data, which will be available at
+  * execution time.  Note that everything in this list must be copiable
+  * by copyObject().  One way to store an arbitrary blob of bytes is to
+  * represent it as a bytea Const.  Usually, though, you'll be better off
+  * choosing a representation that can be dumped usefully by nodeToString().
   */
  typedef struct ForeignPath
  {
  	Path		path;
! 	List	   *fdw_private;
  } ForeignPath;
  
  /*