On Fri, 19 Sep 2008 14:53:15 -0700 "Mark Wong" <markwkm(at)gmail(dot)com> wrote: > Can anyone come up with an example of a meaningful query where there > is a join that does not use an implicit or explicit foreign key? Only partial. A LEFT or RIGHT JOIN will do this but it needs a partial key to work. So: No. Sincerely, Joshua D. Drake -- The PostgreSQL Company since 1997: http://www.commandprompt.com/ PostgreSQL Community Conference: http://www.postgresqlconference.org/ United States PostgreSQL Association: http://www.postgresql.us/ Donate to the PostgreSQL Project: http://www.postgresql.org/about/donate